Spm Biology, Physic, Chemistry - 7539 Words

STPM/S(E)960 PEPERIKSAAN SIJIL TINGGI PERSEKOLAHAN MALAYSIA (MALAYSIA HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE) PHYSICS Syllabus Second Edition This syllabus applies for the 1999 examination and thereafter until further notice. However the form of examination for Physics stated in this booklet was first implemented in the 2001 examination as announced through a circular, Pemberitahuan MPM/2(AM)/2000. Teachers/candidates are to advised to contact Majlis Peperiksaan Malaysia for the latest information about the syllabus. ____________________________________________________________ _______________ MAJLIS PEPERIKSAAN MALAYSIA 1 ISBN 983-2321-20-4  © Majlis Peperiksaan Malaysia 2002 First Published (Second Edition) 2002 Reprinted 2003 All rights†¦show more content†¦Kinematics and dynamics (9 double periods) 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Rectilinear motion Motion with constant acceleration Projection Newton’s laws of motion Conservation of momentum Elastic and non-elastic collisions Explanatory notes Candidates should be able to (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (l) define displacement, speed, velocity, and acceleration derive and use equations of motion with constant acceleration sketch and use the graphs of displacement-time, velocity-time, and acceleration-time for the motion of a body solve problems on projection without air resistance understand qualitatively the effects of air resistance on the motion of bodies in air state Newton’s law of motion understand that a body has inertia use the formula F = m d( v ) d( m ) or v dt dt state the principle of conservation of momentum and show the conservation of momentum by means of Newton’s law of motion define impulse as ∠«F dt and show awareness that impulse is equivalent to the change of momentum distinguish between elastic collisions and non-elastic collisions solve problems regarding linear collisions between particles 2 3. Work,Show MoreRelatedScience As A Nano Scientist1427 Words   |  6 PagesA Nano scientist specializes in areas of science such as chemistry, physics, mathematics, and molecular biology. Becoming a Nano scientist can take up to nine years of schooling depending on what degree is desired. Whether it be two years of college for an associate’s degree, four years for a bachelor’s degree, six years for a master’s degree, or nine years for a doctorate’s degree. Once all is said and done the wage of a Nano scientist is very beneficial ranging anywhere from $40,000 to $100,000Read MoreComparison of Uk and Malaysia Education6844 Words   |  28 PagesScience Curriculum ( biology, physic and chemistry ) for upper secondary school which based on Nuffield O-Level Curriculum was implemented. 1980 : Integrated Curriculum For Secondary School had been legislated. 1983 : Integrated Curriculum For Primary School was fully implemented. 1989 : Integrated Curriculum For Secondary School had been used by all secondary school. 1999 : Smart School had been introduced and PEKA had replaced the Paper 3 examination for Biology, Physic and Chemistry. 2003 : ScienceRead MoreSho - Safety Health Officer2596 Words   |  11 PagesENTRY REQUIREMENT(S): i. Possess a minimum of SPM/SPMV/MCE or equivalent with at least a Grade Three Pass. General certificate (SAP) or lower than Grade three will not be accepted. ii. For SPM/SPMV after year 2000, a minimum of 6C for Bahasa Melayu, English, Mathematics AND minimum 8E for Science/Physics/Chemistry/Biology AND Pass other 2 subjects in 1 certificate/examination or combination iii. Applicants must attach ONE (1) certified true copy of SPM/SPMV/MCE Certificate/Diploma/Degree AND IdentificationRead Morereport of tuition centre7546 Words   |  31 Pagestutoring for courses in. The tuition service for primary school is for the preparation for them to sit in Penilaian Menengah Rendah(PMR) and Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia(SPM) LOWER SECONDARY UPPER SECONDARY Mathematics Science English Bahasa Melayu Mathematics Bahasa Melayu English SCIENCE STREAM Additional mathematics Physics Chemistry Biology LITERITURE CLASS Science Principle accounting Economy For all students, Esses Tuition Centre uses the Smart learning system. This unique problem solving approachRead MoreStress and Academic Performance4818 Words   |  20 PagesAcademic Affair Division (HEA) UiTM Negeri Sembilan. The GPA was based on the students’ academic performance in their final examination results for that particular semester. The results comprised of five compulsory subjects namely Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology and English Language. Table 1 represents the students’ Grade Point Average (GPA) in the final examination of the respective semester. Table 1: The Students Academic Performance CGPA Frequency Percent 3.50 - 4.00 37 24.0 3.00 -

Why God Allowed For The Existence Of Evil - 1703 Words

that better represents His image. In short, one is more capable of comprehending the sensible reasons of why God allowed for the existence of evil, if they are able to examine the logical problem in totality. Without doubt, there are plenty of coherent arguments that can combat the claims steming from the logical problem of evil. Alternatively though, the next objection cannot be addressed in the same fashion. The de jure argument, as known as the plausibility problem, requires a greater emphasis on the emotional consequences, rather than the specific and factual results of evil. The Plausibilty problem is a deductive argument that assumes that Christianity (or belief in God) is unjustafiable and is rationally implausible, given both the quantitive and qualitive calamity measure of evil. Due to the fact that the de jure argument deals more with the emotional impact of sin, its response must be sympathetic to the reality of the opposition’s concerns. Humans undergo and experience unique challenges and adversities as they go through life. Therefore, it is inappropriate and insensitive to attempt to justify the hardships of others using argumenative measures. Conversely, one should respond to these concerns using positive apologetics or theodicy. This is the justification of the ways of God to men. Rather than pursuing to aggressively defend concepts like the theistic set, the response should simply present reasons for why they trust in God in the midst of evil. As discussedShow MoreRelatedThe Existence Of Evil By Blackburn Theory1264 Words   |  6 Pages In Blackburn theory I am going to argue that his theory the existence of evil strongly suggests that there does not exist a God who is all-good, all-knowing and all-powerful to be false. In my argument I will try to present facts that show the existence of God and why there is evil. Exposition: 313 In Blackburn’s argument he basically mentions that because there is evil in the world there is no existence of a present creator. It is impossible to see the suffering that’s goingRead MoreThe Existence Of God : Evil1293 Words   |  6 Pages The Existence of God Throughout the years as the human species keeps learning about the world we live in, we are finding out that we are surrounded everywhere by evil. This seems to conflict with the belief of theism, one who believes in a God or Gods, especially a personal God who’s in control of the world. If there was an all-omnipotent, all-omniscient, and all-benevolent God, then he should have consummate knowledge that there’s evil in the world. Given that, if heRead MoreEvil : Evil Or Evil?1296 Words   |  6 Pagesproblem with evil in the world causes one of the major obstacles for the belief existence of God. With all the evil, corruption, and suffering it can make the existence of a higher power difficult to accept. It makes many people question, is there really a God or sacred power watching over us? If there is a God, why would all this pain and suffering be allowed to happen to the innocent and weak. Frances (2013) noted that he is powerful enough to create just about any unive rse he wanted, then why on earthRead MoreEssay on The Problem of Evil1269 Words   |  6 PagesProblem of Evil One of the most interesting questions in the world is, â€Å"If a God exists, why is there evil in the world?† Most people respond with, â€Å"If God created the universe and us, then there should not be evil in the world,† when asked about God or any other powerful being. The problem of evil is also believed to be the cause of Atheism, and I do believe that there is a solution for this. The problem of evil is not a correct argument. The arguments from evil state that if there is a God whoRead MoreThe Existence Of God : Evil1297 Words   |  6 PagesThe Existence of God Throughout the years as the human species keeps learning about the world we live in, we are finding out that we are surrounded everywhere by evil. This seems to conflict with the belief of theism, one who believes in a God or Gods, especially a personal God who’s in control of the world. If there was an all-omnipotent, all-omniscient, and all-benevolent God, then he should have consummate knowledge that there’s evil in the world. Given that, if he knows there’s corruptionRead MoreThe Existence Of God. Throughout The Years As Human Beings1201 Words   |  5 PagesThe Existence of God Throughout the years as human beings keep learning about the world we are finding out that we are living in a world where evil surrounds us. This belief conflicts with the beliefs of theism, one who believes in a God or Gods, especially a personal God who’s in control of the world. If there was an all-powerful, all-knowing, and all-good God, then he should have the knowledge that there’s evil in the world, he should have the benevolence to want to stop the evil, and he shouldRead MoreMccloskey Responses1660 Words   |  7 Pagesstrong statements against the belief by asking the atheist to provide sufficient proof that God exists. However, McCloskey is not the only person who is unsure and asks questions God’s existence based on personal beliefs or influence. From the beginning many people have had questions about God and his existence. He wrote numerous books on atheism between 1960 and 1980 including the famous book, God and Evil. This paper evaluates the credibility of McCloskey’s article â€Å"On being an Atheist†. One ofRead MoreThe Atheist Argument From Evil Essay1134 Words   |  5 Pagesyourself â€Å"Why me?† Or have you wondered â€Å"Why do so many people lose their lives to murders or accidents?† There is so much suffering in this world that we hear about, including rapes, war, genocide, or natural disasters. Every person has different disasters and oftentimes we cannot come up with a possible reason these happen to us. This thought has led some philosophers, such as William Rowe, to believe that God does not exist. Although there are some logical possible reasons God permits evil, it seemRead MoreThe Vs. Teleological Defence1256 Words   |  6 PagesGiven that evil and suffering exist within the world, there cannot exist an omnipotent, all-loving, perfect, ontologically separate God. In the early 21st century much evil has risen, such as terrorism, poverty, convivial dispute and the continual surge of natural disasters destroying land, homes and killing thousands of people. With all of this famine humans are experiencing on a daily basis, it seems inconceivable that an omnipotent, all-loving, ontologically separate God can exist. Despite theRead MoreThe Christian View Of God1647 Words   |  7 Pagescomprehensive perspective of the current global atrocities, the existence of evil has never been more prevalent. If evil is defined as extreme suffering, premature death, and moral corruption, its existence questions the Christian view of God. The Christian God is an all-seeing, all-powerful being of moral perfection. Because these two truths cannot coexist, the fact that evil exists disproves the existence of the Christian God. If God is omnipotent, He could prevent any injustice. Since injustice

Use of Art Therapy in Australia-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Identify the Organization and the Activities that Make Up Art Therapy in the Country. Answer: Introduction This paper analyzes art therapy in Australia. The objective of this paper is to identify the organization and the activities that make up art therapy in the country. Art therapy is a creative method of expression that is used as a therapeutic technique (Rappaport, 2009) . Art therapy originated from the fields of art and psychotherapy and it has different definitions among different people. Art therapy can simply be defined as the use of art as a method of treating a diseases or disability which could be mental or psychological. Art therapy focuses on creative art-making process itself as a form of therapy or on the analysis of expression that is gained through an interaction of the patient and the therapist. Art therapy takes place through the psychoanalytic approach which is one of the earliest forms of psychotherapy. The approach employs transference processes between therapist and the client. Under this process, the emotions and desires of one person are shifted to another person unconsciously and hence influencing the way they think and act. This process plays a very crucial role in treatment of mental illnesses and also in some physical treatment. This report contains the details of the leading role models, experts as well as practitioners in the art therapy practice. The leading facilities in providing art therapy to clients are discussed and the systems and process that they use to achieve good results are also elaborated. The types of art therapy and the settings under which the specific types are used is also discussed. The final section of the paper is a discussion of the research on art therapy that has been conducted in Australia and many other parts in the region and how this research has influenced art therapy practice. Use of art therapy in Australia Art therapy is a profession that traces back to 1940s when it began becoming popular in Europe as well as some parts of North America. This profession is very popular in North America and Europe and it is commonly practiced in schools to provide young people with social, emotional and mental support (Magniant, 2014). This helps in prevention of mental illnesses and in keeping people healthy mentally. Art therapy in Australia is emerging as a profession and there are not many people familiar with the profession and how it can be used to help treat mental and physical illnesses. Few schools and health facilities have been able to use art therapy to treat patient and help young people with mental health issues. Art therapy is a field that uses different forms of art to treat and reduce the effects of an illness on the patients. Visual art is effective in treatment and some of the forms of visual art used include paint, paper, clay, collage and found materials. These are used as the prim ary means of communicating to the patient. Performance and acting is also used to induce certain thoughts on the client and this string of thinking helps to influence the mind of the person to think in a particular manner. By using live performance, the client or patient is able to focus on the things they see and they are tailored towards providing mental therapy to the client. Art making is used as a means of personal expression and for externalizing thoughts and feelings. Art therapy helps to create a personal relationship between the art therapist and the client and hence help in creating an understanding that helps in creating a safe environment for the client to heal. Art therapy in Australia has an opportunity to grow and expand in popularity and hence significantly contribute to the promotion of the social and emotional well being of the society and especially young people. Currently, a number of schools in Australia are adopting art therapy to help students deal with mental health issues and the pressure that comes with their studies. Art therapy helps students to relax their minds and also provides social and psychological support to the students and hence helps to boast their learning and performance in school (Burt, Schaverien Lala, 2011). The introduction of art therapy in schools as a form of providing social and psychological support to students is very important because, there are not many schools in Australia with an elaborate guidance and counseling program. There are also various organizations that have been accredited to offer art therapy services to customers. Most of these organizations are private and they have professionally trained therapists who offer the services for a fee. Individual customers enroll at the institution for a particular period of time after which they are assessed to determine the level of progress they have made with the use of art therapy. The patients can then be released from the program after adequate progress has been made or their stay at the institution can be added. In Australia, there are some mental health facilities that apply art therapy as a mechanism of helping the mental patients recover. The hospitals employ qualified art therapy specialist who play a huge role in treatment of the mental health patients in these hospitals. In addition to this, art therapy courses are becoming increasingly popular especially in Universities and colleges that offer psychological related studies in Australia (Potas h, Chan Kalmanowitz, 2012). This factor will play a very important role in spreading the use and popularity of art therapy in Australia. This in turn will contribute immensely in resolving social, mental, and psychological issues affecting individuals in Australia. Leading role models and experts on art therapy Art therapy is becoming popular in Australia at a very fast rate. More and more people are aware of the existence of art therapy and its use in mental and physical treatment. Due to this reason, there are many private institution that have been registered to offer art therapy services to clients. The operations of these institutions are governed by the ministry of health in Australia. The practitioner also has to be registered and certified by the government. Art therapy professional is thriving and there are a variety of institutions and individual practitioner that are role models in this profession. These role models have set the standards in the art therapy profession in both research and offering high quality services to customers. One of the largest organization which is a role model in art therapy is ANZATA.ANZATA is The professional Association for Arts Therapy in Australia, New Zealand and Singapore (Campbell, 2009). The organization is an umbrella body of the major organiza tions that offer art therapy services. The main purpose of the organization is to offer support and to advance arts therapy profession in Australia. ANZATA is involved in various activities that help in promotion of arts therapy in Australia. ANZATA organizes workshops, seminars, and conferences which discusses and addresses emerging art therapy issues in the country. Some of the workshops include Melbourne Art Therapy Studio, New Art Therapy Events in Canberra and Expressive Therapy Clinic. ANZATA also has various study and support groups. They play an important role in bringing together therapists from different regions to help resolve art therapy problems facing the particular areas. The support groups include; Art Therapy Peer Group, Aged Care Funding Cuts and 41 art Journals Exchange. The other role models in Art therapy profession are The IKON Institute which is located in Western Australia, South Australia and Queensland. This is an institution that offers advanced diploma of in Art Therapy. IKON is the only provider of an accredited diploma in Art Therapy in Southern Australia. IKON is also the largest provider of Art Therapy Training in Australia. IKON is a role model in Art therapy profession in Australia because it has churned out highly qualified art therapists (Hughes Owen, 2009). These professionals have contributed immensely in the development of Art therapy profession and this has helped in promoting social and mental well being of various individuals and groups in Australia. IKON has been able to train more than 1000 art therapists who have been instrumental in treating mental health patients in various facilities in Australia. Another role model in art therapy is Phoenix Institute which is located in Sydney. It offers an advanced diploma in art therapy and has been instrumental in contributing to development of art therapy in Australia. The University of Western Sydney has also contributed significantly in research on the profession of art therapy. These researches have been crucial in providing new insights in the art therapy profession. The Art Therapy Alliance also plays a crucial role in art therapy in Australia. The organization connects art therapists from all over the world. It helps in provision of art resources and providing a forum for interaction of various art therapy organizations globally. The institute for Sensorimonitor Art Therapy also plays a very important role in the art therapy profession. Types of art therapy used in Australia There are various types of art therapy used in Australia. One of the popular types of art therapy is the mental and psychological art therapy. There are many people facing challenges related to mental health and mental art therapy is important in treating these illnesses. Art therapy is also done to treat physical and social related problems faced by patients. The following are some of the techniques used in providing art therapy: Collage is a technique of art therapy which uses magazine photos, digital images and some other materials taken from books and mail. The art therapists guide the clients in cutting and pasting these selected images. This method is especially used for clients who cannot make marks on paper and who do not respond well to talk therapy (Malchiodi, 2013). Collages created by the therapist prompt narratives and stories which relate to the issues facing the client. The therapist creates stories from the photos that the client cuts and uses them to trigger positive thoughts that help in treating the patient. Phototherapy is another type of art therapy which is popularly used by art therapists in Australia. Visual footprints of a persons life are used to evoke memories that the clients positively relates with. A collection of clients photographs is used by therapists to piece together the lifestyle of the clients. The photographs helps in building bridges such can be used for accessing, exploring and communicating the feelings and memories of the clients. Family Sculpture is another popular type of art therapy. Clay and other types of sculpting materials are used to represents personalities and scenes that can be used to stimulate a series of thought in the mind of the client (Moon, 2017). The client is required to create sculptures of all family members or few family members. These sculptures help the therapists to understand what is going on in the mind of the client and hence the therapist can determine the steps he should take to help the client. Digital art is the newest method of conducting art therapy. The technique uses digital art and media to communicate to the client and help the therapist understand the psychology of the client. This makes communication between the therapist and the client easier and hence helps in the clients recovery process. The categories of digital art include; photo imaging software, drawing software and videos. Painting is another technique used in art therapy. Painting technique where clients are required by the therapists to make paintings that relate to important objects and people in their lives. The clients can draw paintings of their family members and objects they closely relate with. These paintings are a representation of the pattern of thinking of the client. Once the therapists understands the thoughts of the client, they are able to provide the support that the client require which may also involve talking creating better relations with family members. Settings of art therapy used in Australia There are different systems under which the identified types of art therapy are used. Each of the art therapy technique is used depending on the needs of the clients. Different clients have different illnesses that are unique to them and they seek treatment through art therapy. The systems in which the art therapy techniques are used are identified and discussed as follows; Art therapy is applied in Inpatient psychiatric clinics. These are both private and public clinics that offer psychiatric patients medical care. These clinics operate on an inpatient system where they do not admit patient. The inpatient psychiatric clinics purely specialize in relating patients with psychological illnesses and art therapy is commonly used in these clinics in Australia. Normal Outpatient clinics also use art therapy. The clinics use art therapy to treat customers with stress related problems which are yet to escalate to the point of becoming a mental illness. The outpatient clinics use art therapy to access the patients level of psychological stress and offer them advice based on the assessment (Case and Dalley, 2014). Art therapy is also used for cancer diagnosis by the outpatient clinic. Art therapy is also used in major hospitals across the country. These includes both children`s hospitals and those for adults. In hospitals, art therapy is used to for cancer diagnosis, to treat children with psychological disorders, treating trauma in children and adults, counseling depressed patients and also for general treatment of common illnesses. Art therapy is also used in day treatment mental health programming. In this, art therapy is used to treat patients with mental illnesses and to conduct research related to the use of art therapy as a method for treating mental disorders (Art Therapy: Journal of the American Art Therapy Association, 2007).Non community organizations that are involved in health care also apply art therapy. These organizations play different roles in the health care sector in the country. Some are involved in research while others offer resources and technical support to art therapy profession. Art therapy is popularly used in schools globally and its popularity in Australia is also increasing. Art therapy is used in schools to offer students psychological support and therapy that helps to relieve pressure associated with education. Art therapy is also used in schools to train children on how to handle problems related to depression and to help them deal with social challenges. In addition to this,it is used to offer therapy to children in special schools for children with mental disability. In jail and prisons, art therapy is applied to treat prisoners with mental related illnesses (Edwards, n.d.). Mental illnesses are very common among people serving long prison sentences since most of them become depressed and end up being suicidal. The other systems in which art therapy is used include in nursing, private care community health centers and in Art studios. These systems use different types of art therapy depending on the needs of the clients. The different types of art therapy produce different outcomes depending on the system in which they are being used. Literature review of art therapy Research on art therapy globally and even in Australia is very limited. This is because of the fact that most people were not aware of art therapy and its important in treating mental and physical illnesses. The profession has however become popular in recent years and there are various professionals which have conducted research on art therapy in Australia. These studies are evaluated and investigated to determine the outcomes of the research and the gaps that exist and hence can be researched on in future. In Europe,art therapy developed and evolved courtesy of an artist named Hill. Hill pioneered art therapy as a professional practice through the use of art to facilitate recovery from trauma for victims of World War two (Buchalter, 2011). In the US,Kramer who was an educator and an artist developed philosophical points of view which brought about a various forms of art therapy. Research about art therapy has experienced very many challenges and problems globally. This is majorly based on the fact that art therapy is very descriptive and phenomenological and hence does not fit well into the current philosophy of positivist science and research. Art therapy plays a very significant role in contributing to the well being of many people globally. According to Gilroy, (2011), art therapy in Australia has been used in the last few years to help kids with psychological related disorders to develop and grow almost like normal kids. Different types of art therapy are used in these schools and they include use of photography and collages in rehabilitating the kids. In his study, he found out that art therapy helped to successfully treat more than 78% of the people who join the various institutions with mental related illnesses. The art of therapy does not result to complete healing especially for illnesses which may be caused by genetic disorder. He however found out that less than 30% of special schools for children with disability have a program that includes systems of art therapy as apart of their treatment tools. This is majorly attributed to lack of awareness on art therapy. Malchiodi, (2010) carried out a study to investigate the number of prisons that use art therapy as part of their program to offer counseling to prisoners. Many prisoners were found to have mental related illnesses which were mainly caused by the rough conditions of the prisons which lead to the prisoners getting depressed. The study indicated that only 28% of the prison facility applied some form of art therapy for treating prisoners in the facility. This number needs to be increased given the effectiveness it has in treating mental illnesses and depression. Conclusion This report discusses the meaning and use of art therapy in Australia. The objective of the paper is to identify the types of art therapy and ways in which art therapy is used to treat clients and patients with different conditions. The first section of the paper discusses the history of art therapy in Australia and how it has evolved over time. Art therapy is relatively new in Australia even though the rate of adoption of art therapy technique is very high and more and more organizations are offering treatment to clients using art therapy. The organizations that are role models in the art therapy profession include ANZATA organization, IKON and University of Western Australia. These organizations have contributed significantly to the profession through research and development of art therapy. In addition to this, the paper also discusses the systems under which art therapy is applied and some examples of these systems are hospitals and outpatient clinic. The final section of the pap er is an analysis of literature review of art therapy in Australia. References Art Therapy: Journal Of The American Art Therapy Association. (2007). Art Therapy, 24(3), Pp.1-1. Burt, H., Schaverien, J., Lala, A. (2011). Art Therapy And Postmodernism: Creative Healing Through a Prism. London, Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Http://Www.123library.Org/Book_Details/?Id=30856. Buchalter, S. I. (2011). Art Therapy And Creative Coping Techniques For Older Adults. Http://Www.123library.Org/Book_Details/?Id=58288. Campbell, J. (2009). Art Therapy, Race, And Culture. London, Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Case, C. And Dalley, T. (2014). The Handbook Of Art Therapy. London [u.a.]: Routledge. Edwards, D. G. (2014). Art Therapy. https://Public.Eblib.Com/Choice/Publicfullrecord.Aspx?p=4714171. Gilroy, A. (2011). Art Therapy Research In Practice. Oxford: Peter Lang. Hughes, L., Owen, H. (2009). Good Practice In Safeguarding Children: Working Effectively In Child Protection. London, Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Http://Www.123library.Org/Book_Details/?Id=2601. Magniant, R. C. P. (2014). Art Therapy With Older Adults: a Sourcebook. Springfield, Ill, Charles C. Thomas. Malchiodi, C. (2010). The Art Therapy Sourcebook. New York [u.a.]: Mcgraw-Hill. Malchiodi, C. A. (2013). Art Therapy And Health Care. New York, Guilford Press. Moon, B. L. (2017). Introduction To Art Therapy: Faith In The Product. Potash, J. S., Chan, S. M., Kalmanowitz, D. L. (2012). Art Therapy In Asia: To The Bone Or Wrapped In Silk. London, Jessica Kingsley Publishers. https://Public.Eblib.Com/Choice/Publicfullrecord.Aspx?p=915932. Rappaport, L. (2009). Focusing-Oriented Art Therapy: Accessing The Body's Wisdom And Creative Intelligence. London, Jessica Kingsley Publishers. https://Www.123library.Org/Book_Details/?Id=2561.

Robert Gray Poetry free essay sample

Gray’s thematic concerns arise from his personal context, alongside his love of the Australian environment, â€Å"My poetry is very physically located† and his Buddhist ideals which influence his literary style. Gray’s thematic concerns and themes are manifest in all of his poems, demonstrating copious readings, including psychoanalysis and deconstruction, especially palpable within â€Å"Diptych† and â€Å"The Meatworks†. Multiplicities of poetic techniques are used to reinforce Gray’s thematic concerns, including symbolism, anecdotes and imagery.Diptych is a confessional poem depicting Gray’s sentiments on humanism, while also psychoanalysing his parent’s relationship, â€Å"as the inadequacies of their temperaments are an underlying attitude of my poetry†. The name Diptych is a metaphoric allusion to his parents, who were â€Å"like the panels of a diptych, forever separated while in close proximity. † Reinforcing this notion is the absence of evident stanza, and the utilisation of a two-tiered structure, while also exemplifying the detachment of his parent’s relationship, through the composition of each panel symbolising their relationship. We will write a custom essay sample on Robert Gray Poetry or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The first stanza depicts a portrait of Gray’s mother, whereby the first person view and conversational tone augment the friendly nature, â€Å"My mother told me how one night†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Despite the first stanza being about the mother, the anecdote presented features considerably about Gray’s father; â€Å"becoming legend†, symbolising his authoritarian domineering over his mother. Psychoanalytically, the anecdote of Gray’s mother biting â€Å"off the tail of a lizard† metaphorically symbolises the oppression from her marriage. Gray’s mother driving the â€Å"bull from the garden† metaphorically alludes to female marginalisation, enforced by her husband.A post-modern reading explores intertextuality, where the philosopher Heidegger inspires Gray, through the description of his mother as â€Å"very warm† and as â€Å"extending care†, expressing Gray’s affection towards his mother. Gray’s father is criticis ed repeatedly throughout the poem, demonstrating his influence on Gray’s life. Anthropomorphism and sensual imagery are utilised by Gray to criticise his father, â€Å"a small lizard, dragged through her lips,† symbolising, through psychoanalysis, â€Å"that bitterness† in Gray’s mothers life. The anthropomorphism as a â€Å"bull,† criticises him for being selfish. Vivid imagery helps encapsulate a macabre description of his â€Å"hopelessly melancholic† father, portraying him as â€Å"thin lips, on the long boned face,† painting a sympathetic portrait of his father: â€Å"we are all pathetic. † The two-tiered structure of the poem allows Gray’s mother to be juxtaposed to his father, â€Å"a university man†, but also manifests a feminist reading making discernible women being marginalised in society.Gray’s naturalistic ideals are depicted through the personification of imagery, â€Å"up in those hills†, and â€Å"the sun standing amongst high timber†, displaying the peacefulness of nature. â€Å"The Meatworks† satirically represents Gray’s thematic concern of humanism and naturalism, in relation to the sadistic description of a North Coast slaughterhouse. Gray’s naturalistic and Buddhist id eals are communicated through the â€Å"polemical† nature of the poem, through the depiction of the callousness of humanity’s relationship with nature.Personification in the description of the abattoir, â€Å"gutters crawled off† and â€Å"chomping, bloody mouth† portrays the notion that technology possesses more life compared to the impersonalised abattoir workers. The â€Å"extensive ironic use of personification† in these quotes immediately make discernible Gray’s repulsion towards the perturbing actions towards natural life in the slaughterhouse, so much that he settles for â€Å"one of the lowest paid jobs†, in order to avoid association with those â€Å"bellowing sloppy-yards. The Sensual animal imagery, â€Å"chomping, bloody mouth† also suggest cruelty when read from a Marxist reading, displaying technology attaining power over all forms of life.Sexual allusions suggest depravity, creating a caricaturing image that is destructive rather than creative, â€Å"using a greasy stick shaped into a penis. † Analogous to Gray’s poem â€Å"Journey to the North Coast†, Gray in â€Å"The Meatworks† uses mimosis: â€Å"I don’t tell the reader how to feel†¦ that way the feelings are internalised†¦ that way they become personal. Historically alluding to Hitler’s Nazi re gime and concentration camps, Gray depicts the pigs fear, â€Å"clinging to each other†, metaphorically juxtaposing and contrasting pigs to humans. Gray juxtaposes the repulsive abattoir to the ambience of the beach, â€Å"shiny, white-bruising beach in mauve light†. â€Å"White-bruising beach† is symbolic of the sensitivity of the environment, while also symbolising purity, contrary to the meatworks, highlighting its revolting ether. The Meatworks, analogous to Diptych, can be interpreted as a deconstruction reading, whereby the repulsive demeanour of humanity and naturalism are recurring themes in these poems.